he University of Bologna (Italian: Università di Bologna, UNIBO) could be an analysis university in Bologna, Italy. supported in 1088 by Associate in Nursing unionized order of scholars (hence studiorum), it's the oldest university within the world,moreover together of the leading educational establishments in Italy and Europe. it's one among the foremost prestigious Italian universities, usually ranking within the 1st places of national rankings.

It was the primary place of study to use the term universities for the firms of scholars and masters, that came to outline the establishment (especially its famed law school) placed in Bologna, Italy.The university's emblem carries the locution school studiorum ("nourishing mother of studies") and therefore the date A.D. 1088, and it's concerning eighty-six,500 students in its eleven colleges.

It has campuses in a pitched battle, Forlì, Cesena and Rimini and a branch center abroad in the national capital, Argentina.It conjointly includes a college of excellence named Collegio Superiore di Bologna. Associate in Nursing associate publisher of the University of Bologna is Bononia University Press S.p.A. (BUP).

The date of its creation is unsure, however, believed by most accounts to own been 1088. The university was granted a charter (Authentica habita) by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa in 1158, however within the nineteenth century, a committee of historians light-emitting diode by poet derived the creation of the University back to 1088, which might build it the oldest continuously-operating university within the world. but, the event of the establishment at Bologna into a university was a gradual method. Paul Grendler writes that “it isn't probably that enough instruction and organization existed to advantage the term university before the 1150s, and it'd not have happened before the 1180s.”

The University arose around logistic assistance societies (known as universities scholarium) of foreign students known as "nations" (as they were classified by nationality) for cover against town laws that obligatory collective penalization on foreigners for the crimes and debts of their countrymen. These students then employed students from the city's pre-existing lay and ecclesiastic colleges to show them subjects like the field, notarial law, theology, and ars dictaminis (scrivener). The lectures got in informal colleges known as scholae. In time the assorted universitates scholarium determined to create a bigger association, or Studium—thus, the university. The Studium grew to own a powerful position of talks with the town, since by then it derived vital revenue through visiting foreign students, the UN agency would depart if they weren't well treated. The foreign students in Bologna received bigger rights, and collective penalization was terminated. There were conjointly talks with the students UN agency served as professors at the university. By the initiation or threat of a student strike, the scholars may enforce their demands on the content of courses and therefore the pay professors would receive. University professors were employed, fired, Associate in Nursingd had their pay determined by an elective council of 2 representatives from each student "nation" that ruled the establishment, with the foremost necessary choices requiring a majority vote from all the scholars to sign. The professors may even be penalized if they didn't end categories on time, or complete course material by the tip of the semester. A student committee, the "Denouncers of Professors", unbroken tabs on them and reportable any wrongdoing. Professors themselves weren't flooded, however, forming collegia doctorum (professors’ committees) in every school, and securing the rights to line examination fees and degree necessities. Eventually, the town terminated this arrangement, paying professors from tax revenues and creating it a leased public university.

Bologna University Library

The university is traditionally notable for its teaching of canon and civil law;so, it had been created in giant give up the aim of finding out the Digest, a central text in jus civile, that had been rediscovered in Italy in 1070, and therefore the university was central within the development of medieval jus civile. till the present time, the sole degree granted at that university was the doctor's degree.

In the early Nineteen Fifties, some students of the University of Bologna were among the founders of the review "il Mulino". On twenty-five Gregorian calendar month 1951 the primary issue of the review was printed in Bologna. in a very short time, "il Mulino" became one among the foremost attention-grabbing reference points in Italy for the political and cultural dialogue and established necessary editorial relationships in Italy and abroad. Editorial activities evolved in conjunction with the review. In 1954, the il Mulino publishing company (Società editrice il Mulino) was supported, that these days represents one among the foremost relevant Italian publishers. additionally to the present were initiated analysis comes (focusing totally on the tutorial establishments and therefore the form of government in Italy), that eventually light-emitting diode, in 1964, to the institution of the Istituto Carlo Cattaneo.

Higher education processes area unit being harmonic across the ECU Community. these days the university offers one zero one completely different "Laurea" or "Laurea breve" first-level degrees (three years of courses), followed by 108 "Laurea specialistica" or "Laurea Magistrale" second-level degrees (two years). However, alternative eleven courses have maintained preceding rules of "Laurea specialistica a ciclo unico" or "Laurea Magistrale a ciclo unico", with only 1 cycle of study of 5 years, aside from medication and dental medicine which needs six years of courses. when the "Laurea" one could attain first level Master (one-year sheepskin, just like a Postgraduate diploma). when second-level degrees area unit earned, one could proceed to 2d level Master, specialization colleges (residency), or doctorates of analysis (Ph.D.).